When going back to the story of Sudan and Egypt, understand how the two countries were impoverished into political violence before Sudan become independent, you will note that tribal themes have invariably given no distinction with the religious cases, Mahdis war came by surprises, and it is almost the same mainspring, a long side leader Mohamed Ahmed, and Abdallah who had proclaimed himself the Mahdi of Islam, the Guided one used 17600 forces of kedivate of Egypt a alongside 8200 forces of British escalated the war between the two countries from 1881–1899. Meanwhile, the southerners were in the process of manipulation by the British and Egyptian governments, they got no room to liberate themselves otherwise; they could have had and faced three distinctive minacious enemies, then followed by many other wars until the independence of Sudan.

In the process of pogrom battles and civil wars, good leaders became dictators turning their own citizens into other British and Anglo-Egyptians, leadership became absurd, it is no longer considered as an opportunity to serve and encompasses less ability of an individual to guide individual behavior in the right orchestration. Many agreements failed Sudan, overlooking and omitting that the purpose of leadership is to program and formulate what should be done, and to ensure that it is good for the public at the macro-scale level. In such an environment, all feel unsolicited, excruciating, and tormented in their own country, regardless of their nationality and political affiliation as Sudanese.

Leaders act contrary to their constitutional mandate and obligation, whether in November 1958, 2 years and 320 days of sovereignty council, powering president Ibrahim Abboud that ended on 16th November 1964 when Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa succeeded him through a transitional process, although the second committee of the sovereignty council empowered general khalifa on 10th June 1965 to 8th July 1965, a ruling that lasted for 189 days after the 3 years and 321 days of Ismail Al Azhari from the democratic unionists’ party took over before Jaafar Nimeiry’s 15 years and 316 days came on 25th May 1969 to 6th April 1985. the fact that Nimeiry was a socialist, he tried correcting the old and contemporary jumble and end up being overthrown by Abdel Rahman Suwar Al-dahab on 6th April 1985, stayed lingering for 208 days on power and resigned, then handed over to prime minster Sadiq Al Mahdi from National Umma Party on 10th October 1986.

Out of all these changes, a few attempts to change politics for the benefit of Sudanese societies may have had some positive effects on Muslim societies but instead resulted in an Islamization program for the region’s non-Muslim residents who also happened to be Southerners. When Mahdi arrived, he formed a coalition with his nephew Muhammad Ahmad Mahgoub so that Mahgoub become the sixth prime minister of Sudan. It was successful despite the emergence of several uprisings, which led to a failed state until the country broke up.

Even if you study Sudan’s history up until the time when the national congress party led by Omar Hassain Albashir planned a successful coup captured the nation as president of Sudan on June 30, 1989. You will discover that prior to south Sudan’s independence, dictators rose and fell, demanding a myriad of reforms, but conditions continue to deteriorate in the eyes of the Sudanese. Leadership became a weapon for killing the weak and safeguarding the powerful when tyrants dominated the political landscape.

The state’s capacity to influence never changes, but only influences in the improper way; they manage Southerners by building bank kathares, which are used to entice southern officials to forsake their self-realization objective because those in positions of command are unable to match resources with competencies and capacity to generate the greatest possibility for public benefit, human happiness indices have been linked to substantive grief and lamentation.

Sudan’s independence never made sense; it was granted but monitored by Egypt with the support from the west, which is why I firmly stated that “the Anglo-Egyptians was indeed a cunning colonial master, they gave the Sudanese the crown but still retained the golden nugget of the crown.” It happened, and the Sudanese government was run like a box, a box whose opening time is regulated by the holder of the key.

The significance of this is that it was first through Anglo Egyptians, whose political crown was primarily worn by the Arab man, with helpless Sudanese kept in the system while blindfolded as citizens with no right or Access to the table of decision-making, and then through Sudanism, whose political crown was worn by another Arab man deputized by another Arab with few blacks who could be supervised to never dream or speak of southern Sudan independence.

To put it on another perspective, preserving the leadership values required southerners to be dominated by politicians who, if they openly expressed views critical of their circumstances, risked being removed from their jobs, convicted guilty of treason, or banished. They may be reinstated to their prior seats if they switched their minds, but they couldn’t lawfully sit at the round table of continuous decision-making. They may, on the other hand, just be permitted to name them. Here you can see how the southerners were brainwashed. It simply means that the colonial master gave the Sudanese political leadership while retaining the values, administrative powers, and directorate by appointing political leaders or kings who, once on the political position would appear and utter a word like genuine South Sudanese, but would be pure British in his psychological mindset. Leaders were taught toward becoming tyrants and never attempt to live in harmony. Wars fragment black cultures, leading individuals to wander and live in anguish, mute, and penniless, resulting in a damaged society.

However, there is a sense in which the dictators have always acknowledged that black traditional belief is the most exclusive religion to their Islamic and Christian, and it does not imply the accommodation of other races. They discussed its variation with that of Jews until they confirmed both religions with no differences except their essential belief in prophecy, of course, and we recognized this when many prophets rose and fell in many parts of south Sudan, and they apologized. Sudan continued to be impoverished for the foreseeable future after the Arabization failed.

Warlords arose, and as part of their strategy for marginalization, they had to create a mentality of grief among the black population, placing them in a problematic political situation. I think most readers around the world are familiar with the old Sudan history; there are books that go into more detail on black identity, resistance, and religion, as well as why they were unable to rein in their self-pride and stopped paying attention to facts that could have liberated their country. Most historians would probably disagree with me. One of the most disgusting features was their affinity for foreign traditional religions and endorsement of imperialists as preachers and teachers; nowadays, there are black Muslims and Christians.

When the Sudanese government failed black society, they found themselves standing with confused political ambition that had never been in the appropriate diplomatic position, their mind was dominated, and they were going nowhere.

God was blamed, and he evolved into a poor general in the eyes of people in the south, unaware that he had just felt betrayed and became confused until he had to soothe, take naps, and couldn’t comprehend their calls anymore, participants plead and fast calling upon him, and he replied it’s too late my toddlers, their Holy men were frustrated and began to taunt them with fictitious party leaders who could speak less of their self-hood except ambushing them with fake ideas, they persuaded their sons and daughters

Unable to resist joining forces with cruel nations incapable of making their own legacy except counterfeiting and stealing what others had sacrificed their lives for, Sudan became a graveyard for black lifeless bodies. No matter how many black skeletons were burned to ashes in the bushes, life continues. When their military general embarks on a war, he demolishes the foes and his incentives are conferred on a fellow Arab army general simply because he is their fellow Arab. Of course, they are right to put their common good first.

They had no health facilities, cholera and malaria controlled their territories, the hospitals built in Khartoum and Cairo became hubs for human trafficking, and their functioning organs, like kidneys and blood, were donated to their fellow Arab nations. The southern politicians were on the sidelines in fear as they witnessed their fellow black population being severely condemned to suicide centers, Buildings across South Sudan are burned to the ground, Sudanese people drown in their own blood, and those who survive lost hope and have fled to neighboring countries in search of sanctuary. Currently, one-third of the civil population lives overseas, and no one dared scream since they all felt economically silenced by cash.

They also established a second Neo-colonial project, which was predicated on imperial praxis and used education, culture, and economic power as a cover for a clandestine psychological control scheme. They begin by abducting South Sudanese children for English and Arabic studies abroad in order to become church and mosque leaders, paramount chiefs, and governors in South Sudan provinces so that it is too late for them to eventually realize that they have dropped their religious ethics and education. Now, South Sudanese children, including their elders, can’t read or write their languages, and culture, forget about economic power, and have lost the war and moral integrity.

Whereas their ancestors withstood this torment, the new generation expresses how terrible the existing world appears to them. The world can never truly appreciate their agony, no matter how much they sacrifice personal comfort for the sake of patriotism. Sudanese tyrants and colonial masters continue to humiliate the south Sudanese in an attempt to aggravate their self-realization objective.

Since there hasn’t been a conclusive analysis of the South Sudanese issue, many people keep looking for the root of the suffering but end up adopting the wrong strategy and prescribing the erroneous treatment. The things that men do behind closed doors are cruel and dreadful, but history must be presented as it is in order to serve as a guide for the South Sudanese in any actions they may take to liberate themselves.

They became divided as a result of the Neo-Colonialists’ forced investment in primitive accumulation, and their inhabitants were restrained and coerced by their fellow natives who couldn’t sleep, which fueled the project of Arabization and investment in greed. As a result, they were unable to fight the regime without them and were afraid that including them in any coalition would cause chaos.

The southerners might think about reorganizing a new national political system and establishing traditional religion, even though it seems impossible. However, the colonists have a tradition of keeping a close eye on everything, questioning any move, and starting to outsmart the talented players before it is too late.

All of the preceding instructive tales occurred because leaders entrusted with the task of legal precedence converted it into a lottery ticket for the plundering of state services, resulting in rushed and inept service delivery. Sudan has become a nation of shame and embarrassment, with unequal work possibilities affecting the southern section of the country. There was an inability to monitor critical political factors, and action was done without considering the repercussions, affecting inhabitants both inside and beyond the country, resulting in a failed Sudan.

Men and women whose consciences were dead occupied parliament. the nation entrusted army generals and warlords who could only think that Islamization is a great way to go, multiple responsibilities were dedicated to irresponsible council members, and parliament became a pool that suffer from a lack of focus and crisis of confidence due to the looming skills and qualification mismatch, Sudan became a failed state since it couldn’t drop their copy and paste Neo-colonization project.

Warlords serve a collapsed state with toothless legislature and judiciary; special presidential advisors are advised by the president instead. It is interesting they have the power to unite citizens but their action abolished their purpose. Citizens were victimized by their leadership temperament simply because they were always unpredictable. When they patrol the cities, they guard themselves with a heavy convoy because they believe what they provide to the entire nation is beneath their satisfaction, therefore it can generate misanthropists.

The Sudanese cities discourage tourists and foreign direct investments that bring them bread due to fear of terrorism. There is no investment in Population growth. Destabilization dishonored leadership theory whose core objective is to count on and fortify public services for the critically affected majority in the country. Citizens were humiliated and none could think they are human beings because they can’t go to bed due to unknown gunmen. There is no hope for the future because of political instability and inadequate supply of opportunities and freedom to access the labor market, no dream of postulating ‘‘I can get a professional vocation and
This system has unfortunately provoke south Sudan starts producing leaders whose political talent is to design and create problems under huge circumstances notwithstanding how consequential it is. Capitals do not affect education, health, Agriculture, infrastructure, and industrial development. Young men from their various tribes were manipulated and edified by hunger to invest in pernicious businesses, herdsmen confront themselves in cattle-raiding battles. Fishermen steal their fishing equipment and sometimes tax highly until they lose hope in the fishing industry. Traditional farmers were abandoned in floods with their crops destroyed. disarmament projects became a mechanism of destroying the vulnerable population, and families were tortured to produce guns they never had like it happened in Lou Nuer land in December 2005, 5 months of forceful disarmament, and the warlords were officially assigned by their fellow warlords to carry out the exercise regardless of it concomitants.

Dictators became ruthless, serving their own interests, and the worst part of their politic is that they always drive their political affiliation into their ethnic aids surrounding themselves with their tribal sons and daughters. More warlords were provoked and the mighty political leadership became a cutthroat wrestling tournament because they exert their power to destroy those who find fault with their malicious conduct.

While in their pursuit of power, they Islamize the general recruitment of the national army. They dominate the military organization because they always ought to stay in power so that when you complain they give you a little slash and you celebrate them. When it comes to the formation of the national unity government, the dominants that occupied were the Arabs, the highest ranked positions are given to their fellow Arabs and relatives vamoosing the entire nation in misery yet what people want is to participate. Strong policies were set but never make sense, dictators keep rising and freedom of association is frozen.

There was no property right since vandalization became rampant, and properties got missing. They are addicted, acquired an appetite for money, and the objectives mission of income equality remains buried. They consecrate corruption and steal on their own behalf, and anti-corruption institutions became toothless bulldogs since their fellow dictators provide them with safe heaven. They preferred properties and jeopardized the entire interest of the nation. It is interesting that people steal and could be accommodated by God in his church or mosque every Friday and Sunday, you asked yourself whether that qualified you enough to hold God responsible, it is ridiculous.

Now the question of land to Arabs, I was listening to a pan-African professor Patrict PLO Lumumba citing something he appreciatively glean from an interactive argument between two governments; the Kenyan government and some British officers, that ‘‘the Kenyan government was telling the queen to handover the land to God since it belongs to churches, and one of the British officers from the queenside sarcastically said no we know that this land belongs to God but the queen will own it on behalf of God’’, I laughed. I said this because the colonial master’s major concern was land, the Arabs were so deprived to retain the entire aggregate of south Sudan land, Abei case would prove my paper right.

Dictators neither work nor used capital to generate more income, they misappropriate and prefer borrowing from other Countries across the world, right now south Sudanese are still struggling to pay back the debt which they do not know what they were actually used for. Meanwhile, many are still complaining that even the generation yet to exist would still pay for it. And this led to a failed state because leaders do not have faith and add value to the domestic producers except that which is imported from other countries like china and Qatar.

Dictators imposed themselves and became victims of prestige. They love being seen as heavyweights ones, mismanagement of power is always at its very top, and the desire to leave office becomes controversial. When they travel outside the country, admiring any beautiful edifice becomes a simple reason to graft, and then begin buying it for themselves. The danger is that they cannot spend resources for the public benefit since the state house became a privatized property. Moreover, used the remaining balance for bribing the tribal soldiers to assassinate oppositions and dispatch live to silence retaliation on negativity.

How words of Russian president Vladimir Putin once said ‘‘African leaders amplify wealth and used it to invest on expensive cars and mansions in western nations. When they are sick, they seek medication in India. They are only buried in their own countries when they died, therefore African land only serves as cemetery grounds for African leaders’’. They are enjoying public wealth with their kids and dark hours keep counting on the sons of a former slave.’’ The South Sudanese children do not control their own destiny yet their parents were busy doing the bidding of the former colonizers, the very master that stole their careers and future.

Now comes to the subject of pomposity; there is nothing wrong with the one arrogating to himself self-importance and pride, but too much pride can sometimes cause an absence of self-respect and politeness, which is one thing I have figured out that facing many dictators ruling Sudan and now south Sudan. Too much pride made them think overambitious, swaggering around with heavy artillery and want to be treated like gods when they go to their villages, and that destroyed Sudan unity government and south Sudan as well.

The other amazing case is greed and popularity, there is sense in which investing in popularity has encouraged greed and injustice through the confrontation of ideas, that the one on power behaves monster to the recalcitrant one whose quest for power is insatiable, this persuades the emperor on power turn a great watch dog securing the national and even international media until it became a pervasive conflict of interests, fighting on who should own the country through his ideas and backup from enthusiasts, then the commander in chief think premier and provoked by the invading ideas and behave like his rectum is mistakenly touched, and used his guns because his kingdom is finally oppressed, arrogating to himself incredible powers that the philosophy of leadership wisdom is to force everyone believed him as a king, long live the king, and that generate conflict following the rise of dictators causing the widespread of marginalization in the country.

Since marginalization became a leadership objective, there was exclusivity in development, dictators advised themselves and allocate contracts to the areas occupied by the Arabs, while distributing guns to their traders to sell to southern pastoralists and introduced tribalism as a major mainspring to their civil wars, compelling fake’s evidence that they were enemies so that they destroyed each other’s. The southerners could have fought themselves on the world watch for no good reasons.

Foreign intervention in the state politic; on a pretext of pervasive Neo-colonization and imperialism, foreign governments interfered with the Sudan Governance structure and ought to instruct how it could be re-arrange and operate, and because they came with huge cash that are rapidly paid to the state leaders in exchange for the manipulation of the system, it eventually creates misunderstanding and political divorce among state leaders and an uncompromising political mess in the governance system.

The money gained value in leaders and the desire for power encourage greed, and took their consciences away from the national interest, for they allowed imperialism to penetrate in the state and disorganized domestic affairs although the worse part of it was experienced in the south, then the general public lose faith in them and rebels rise, this generates dictators in the state since the imperialists have sham them act contrary to the core objectives of the nation building. The imperialists ruined everything with money, back up dictators and political competition does not plays tremendous roles, uniting people through equal sharing of opportunities in the country was somehow commercialized through different political organizations until a call for s new Sudan emerged.

Following the history, the call for a new Sudan occurred as a result of constant humiliation in state politics, and marginalization of racial and ethnic groups by Northern authorities for more than 50 years following Sudan’s independence, which has been cited as one of the main reasons for the revolt, instability, and civil war in the country in several works by different authors that I have read, Without a clear growth plan, small ethnic groups were able to dominate business and politics, dividing the majority. As a result of the widespread calls for justice and equality, new terms like “marginalization,” “deprivation,” and “social and economic disparity” were developed to characterize the circumstances of mental slavery.

As slavery spread throughout Sudan, there was a lack of security and a continuous theft of children. Why did the southerners wonder? And how could a country that is politically united with the aim of having a unified government engage in such actions against its own people? It became mocking, which gave rise to the first political party in the South called the Liberty Party led by Hon. Both Diu and his fellow southerners.

Due to these historical challenges, you will learn that southerners have faced challenges prior to the current chaos caused by the Neo-colonization and Arabization agenda, just as the first chapter meticulously examined Sudan’s political conflict with civilizations to demonstrate the painful effects of imperialism on southerners. But as we all know, state-building and decision-making are always influenced by an understanding of the nation’s history. Throughout the overview of Sudanese politics, many political analysts were able to explain to us that Sudan had never been united and, if the north had, the southerners did not feel any sense of unity.

This provides an understanding of the motivations behind why I invested my time in illuminating how Sudan tore itself apart throughout this story and making a comparison of the reasons Sudan fell and is now one of the world’s most unstable governments. Why do the top pages of foreign news media usually portray a divided Sudan? After that, find the local root reasons for Sudan’s early susceptibility. However, because chapter one shows how divided the Sudanese were, I’d want to talk about how attempts to establish a new Sudan also failed.

But we should also understand that the cries for a new Sudan didn’t suddenly appear; they were based on several important factors that have recently been linked to the characteristics and reasons for the state’s failure, including the security sector’s shortcomings, the lack of protection for both political and non-political groups, tolerance of criticism and freedom of speech, the availability of fundamental education, and a variety of other levels of work and housing for a sustainable quality of life.

When discussing the Sudanese education system, it is important to note that all revolutions have discussed the case of educational reform in Sudan and how it would affect the lives of the general public. They have also discussed educational systems that focus more on the formation of civilized characters and actual discipline. If the Arabs weren’t misled by their desire to impose Islam on the world, this may form an excellent educational system. Southerners were compelled to continue griping about the nation’s segregated growth and state-level politics as a result.

Although the country’s educational system should have done so, the primary school system was not intended to operate as intended. However, it became evident throughout the course of the research for this essay that south Sudan lacked social services such as educational institutions, and this resulted in uprisings from both southerners and other reformers from the north.

Tribal Political Impact in South Sudan

Following south Sudan’s independence on 9th July, 2011, dictators rose to power, and south Sudanese were marginalized by their own government, while cultural norms and ethnic differences led to crime and violence among south Sudanese people, this happened because most leaders took great pleasure in their traditional beliefs. They abused their legitimate roles and responsibilities to represent the civil population with dignity and trust; politics became a study of influence where the influential manipulated those they influenced and used them to their own advantage; everyone suffered and eventually fled their territories for refuge in neighboring countries such as Sudan, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Uganda; Tribal leadership caused the country become a society of quarrels with countless troubles and distress. Too many agreements failed, overlooking and omitting that the purpose of leadership is to program and formulate what should be done, and to ensure that it is good for the public at the macro-scale level.

The Rise of Negative Ethnicity

The 62 remaining minority tribes were excluded from the new development throughout the liberation struggle until things started to break down between the two primary ethnic groups, therefore The two distinct tribes that first controlled the political arena went on to control the national army. By recruiting new private armies, the president and his Jieng Council of Elders reorganized the military and established the Dinka army known as the Mathiang Anyoor and Gelweng, which in the judgement of the international community ultimately committed the genocide of 2013. Sadly, the 2013 bullet is still active, and the flames are consuming the whole non-ruling tribe. Every tribe must now create a tribal defense forces to protect its own identity, whether they like it or not. Examples include the Nuer white army, Maban defense force, Murle tribe force, Agelwek of Chiluk tribe forces, arrow boys of the greater equatoria region, and many more. My tribe and I fled the shooting by jumping over the UNIMISS barrier with the exposed electric line on top, intending to become refugees in our own country.
© Pam Yar ( Political Economist)