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Refraction Of Light
Bending of light rays when it pass from one medium to another towards or away from normal pathway is known as refraction of light.

This scientific phenomenon describes many illustrations of illusion in natural day to day life.
The most suited example is spoon in a water filled bowl that is never straight to naked eyes. The depth of a pond or streaming water seems not identified correctly. Other facts may include kingfisher catching fishes in sea.

What are all reasons for such refraction in nature that brings definite answerable questions to mankind.

The best research in this field of physics towards solving the mystery of refraction of light is that speed of electromagnetic waves everywhere in any media is absolutely same no matter what !

For such a record even light rays velocity is equal in mediums as air, water, glass, vacuum, space etc.

But is there no change as light enters from one medium to other in particular direction of path or habits ?

"Refraction Of Light"

To simplify the concept better study divided into microphysics and macrophysics.

Microphysics :
Velocity is equal to frequency multiply by wavelength of light.
As velocity remains same in any media but optical density of medium is different from other which makes different frequencies and related wavelength even product maintained to be equal as speed of light is same.

For example, when light rays travel from air to water it's wavelength gets decreased due to optical denser being water from air that brings definite change to frequency of light as velocity of light remains same irrespective of media.

This is actually perfect reason for refraction of light explaining bending at microscopic level of path of light rays.

Macrophysics :
Velocity is equal to distance travelled divided by time.
As the optical density is varied according to media, for traveling the same straight-line of path of light rays it would take different time as medium is changed causing bending of light because speed of light should be same even medium is changed explained as refraction of light.

Now interesting fact is that natural human beings could see things with eyes only in light surroundings so refraction is highly observed in environment.

On the other hand, few birds such as kingfisher has ability to provide light from their own eyes so refraction is balanced to mind making it easier to catch fish even in pond, sea or ocean.


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